Distinguishing Between Sein and Haben in German

If you are like most German language learners, youve probably come across the following dilemma when it comes to verbs in the perfect tense: When do I use the verb haben (to have), when do I use sein (to be)?This is a tricky question. Even though the usual answer is that most verbs use the auxiliary verb haben in the perfect tense (however watch for common exceptions stated below), sometimes both are used — depending on  what part of Germany youre from. For instance, northern Germans say Ich habe gesessen, whereas in southern Germany and Austria, they say Ich bin gesessen. The same goes for other common verbs, such as liegen and stehen. Furthermore, the German grammar bible, Der Duden, mentions that there is a growing tendency to increasingly use the auxiliary verb sein with action verbs. However, rest assured. These are other uses of haben and sein to be aware of. In general, keep the following tips and guidelines in mind when deciding between these two auxiliary verbs and youll get it right. Haben Perfect Tense In the perfect tense,  use the verb haben: With transitive verbs, that is verbs that use the accusative. For example:Sie haben das Auto gekauft?  (You (formal) bought the car?)Sometimes with intransitive verbs, that is verbs that dont use the accusative. In these cases, it will be when the intransitive verb describes an action or event over a duration of time, as opposed to an action/event that occurs in one moment of time. For example, Mein Vater ist ​angekommen, or My father has arrived. Another example:  Die Blume hat geblà ¼ht. (The flower bloomed.)With reflexive verbs. For example:  Er hat sich geduscht. (He took a shower.)With reciprocal verbs. For example:  Die Verwandten haben sich gezankt. (The relatives argued with each other.)When modal verbs are used. For example:  Das Kind hat die Tafel Schokolade kaufen wollen. (The child had wanted to buy the chocolate bar.) Please note: You see sentences expressed in this way more in written language. Sein Perfect Tense In the perfect tense, you use the verb sein: With the common verbs sein, bleiben, gehen, reisen and werden. For example:Ich bin schon in Deutschland gewesen. (Ive already been in Germany.)Meine Mutter ist lange bei uns geblieben. (My mother stayed with us for a long time.)Ich bin heute gegangen. (I went today.)Du bist nach Italien gereist.  (You traveled to Italy.)Er ist mehr schà ¼chtern geworden. (He has become shier).With action verbs that denote a change of place and not necessarily just movement. For example, compare Wir sind durch den Saal getanzt  (we danced throughout the hall) with Wir haben die ganze Nacht im Saal getanzt  (we danced the whole night in the hall).With intransitive verbs that denote a change in condition or state. For example:  Die Blume ist erblà ¼ht. (The flower has begun to bloom.)

The Strength and Weaknesses of Health Care Systems in...

What makes a health care system good? There is no such thing as a perfect system, but already some countries are pretty close. In this essay I will be writing about two of the leadings countries in health care, Germany and the United States . Given the complicated nature of the systems, I will narrow it down to the strength and weaknesses of both countries. In 1883, the first health care plan for Germany was created. The government was so impressed that it used this as the model for the nations sickness funds, which finance, deliver, and pay for care. Everyone agreed that every German should have access to medical services regardless of employment, income, or ability to pay.The plus side of this†¦show more content†¦This lead to great complexity, since all of these plans follow different eligibility, benefit, and reimbursement policies. Even though the weaknesses out number the strengths of this system, there are a few good points. 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Death of Abraham Lincoln Free Essays

As how Steve Jobs once said: â€Å"If you live each day as if it were your last, someday you’ll be right. †. The 16th president of the United States was assassinated without even being able to say goodbye for one last time before passing away. We will write a custom essay sample on Death of Abraham Lincoln or any similar topic only for you Order Now The second Friday of April, Abraham Lincoln was shot in the head by John Wilkes Booth. Even though, he had have shot the president, he tried to escape and never thought of the possibility of getting caught by the authorities of the country. Back then he was the first American president to be assassinated. At the young age of 56, Abraham Lincoln had have been taken away from his life. The suicidal of Lincoln according to Wikipedia. com was a well-known actor and Confederate spy from Maryland; though he joined the Confederate army, he had contacts with Confederate secret service. He’d tried to kidnap him before but his plan failed because of changes to the president’s plans. It happened in the Presidential Box of Ford’s Theater in Washington, D. C. while according to historynet. com they were watching the comedy Our American Cousin . Around 10 p. m. , Booth slipped into the box– the guard outside had left his station , and Booth got past Charles Forbes, the White House footman, by showing him his card. The actor fired a single shot that entered the left side of Lincoln’s head, the bullet lodging below his eye. According to the book by Michael O’Neal The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln Booth was a Southern sympathizer and pro-slavery advocate. When he heard Lincoln make a speech promising suffrage to the newly freed African-American population (right after the war ended) ,Booth swore that that would be Lincoln’s last speech ever. Booth considered Republicans (who were at the time anti-slavery party), like Lincoln, traitors to the Union. Later on John W. Booth was captured in a farm. President Lincoln died on April, 15 1865. On June 30, after a sensational six-week trial , the court found all of the defendants guilty as charged. Two of them were pardoned by President Johnson. One of them had fled to Europe, but was finally captured in Egypt, and tried in a civilian court. When the jury was unable to reach a verdict, his case was dismissed. On July 6, 1865, Paine, Herold, Atzerold, and Mary Surratt were informed of their sentences. Less than twenty-four hours later,on July 7, they were hanged in the yard f Washington Arsenal. The public’s thirts for quick and sure retributionwas quenched. How to cite Death of Abraham Lincoln, Papers

Death of Abraham Lincoln Free Essays

As how Steve Jobs once said: â€Å"If you live each day as if it were your last, someday you’ll be right. †. The 16th president of the United States was assassinated without even being able to say goodbye for one last time before passing away. We will write a custom essay sample on Death of Abraham Lincoln or any similar topic only for you Order Now The second Friday of April, Abraham Lincoln was shot in the head by John Wilkes Booth. Even though, he had have shot the president, he tried to escape and never thought of the possibility of getting caught by the authorities of the country. Back then he was the first American president to be assassinated. At the young age of 56, Abraham Lincoln had have been taken away from his life. The suicidal of Lincoln according to Wikipedia. com was a well-known actor and Confederate spy from Maryland; though he joined the Confederate army, he had contacts with Confederate secret service. He’d tried to kidnap him before but his plan failed because of changes to the president’s plans. It happened in the Presidential Box of Ford’s Theater in Washington, D. C. while according to historynet. com they were watching the comedy Our American Cousin . Around 10 p. m. , Booth slipped into the box– the guard outside had left his station , and Booth got past Charles Forbes, the White House footman, by showing him his card. The actor fired a single shot that entered the left side of Lincoln’s head, the bullet lodging below his eye. According to the book by Michael O’Neal The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln Booth was a Southern sympathizer and pro-slavery advocate. When he heard Lincoln make a speech promising suffrage to the newly freed African-American population (right after the war ended) ,Booth swore that that would be Lincoln’s last speech ever. Booth considered Republicans (who were at the time anti-slavery party), like Lincoln, traitors to the Union. Later on John W. Booth was captured in a farm. President Lincoln died on April, 15 1865. On June 30, after a sensational six-week trial , the court found all of the defendants guilty as charged. Two of them were pardoned by President Johnson. One of them had fled to Europe, but was finally captured in Egypt, and tried in a civilian court. When the jury was unable to reach a verdict, his case was dismissed. On July 6, 1865, Paine, Herold, Atzerold, and Mary Surratt were informed of their sentences. Less than twenty-four hours later,on July 7, they were hanged in the yard f Washington Arsenal. The public’s thirts for quick and sure retributionwas quenched. How to cite Death of Abraham Lincoln, Papers