Distinguishing Between Sein and Haben in German

If you are like most German language learners, youve probably come across the following dilemma when it comes to verbs in the perfect tense: When do I use the verb haben (to have), when do I use sein (to be)?This is a tricky question. Even though the usual answer is that most verbs use the auxiliary verb haben in the perfect tense (however watch for common exceptions stated below), sometimes both are used — depending on  what part of Germany youre from. For instance, northern Germans say Ich habe gesessen, whereas in southern Germany and Austria, they say Ich bin gesessen. The same goes for other common verbs, such as liegen and stehen. Furthermore, the German grammar bible, Der Duden, mentions that there is a growing tendency to increasingly use the auxiliary verb sein with action verbs. However, rest assured. These are other uses of haben and sein to be aware of. In general, keep the following tips and guidelines in mind when deciding between these two auxiliary verbs and youll get it right. Haben Perfect Tense In the perfect tense,  use the verb haben: With transitive verbs, that is verbs that use the accusative. For example:Sie haben das Auto gekauft?  (You (formal) bought the car?)Sometimes with intransitive verbs, that is verbs that dont use the accusative. In these cases, it will be when the intransitive verb describes an action or event over a duration of time, as opposed to an action/event that occurs in one moment of time. For example, Mein Vater ist ​angekommen, or My father has arrived. Another example:  Die Blume hat geblà ¼ht. (The flower bloomed.)With reflexive verbs. For example:  Er hat sich geduscht. (He took a shower.)With reciprocal verbs. For example:  Die Verwandten haben sich gezankt. (The relatives argued with each other.)When modal verbs are used. For example:  Das Kind hat die Tafel Schokolade kaufen wollen. (The child had wanted to buy the chocolate bar.) Please note: You see sentences expressed in this way more in written language. Sein Perfect Tense In the perfect tense, you use the verb sein: With the common verbs sein, bleiben, gehen, reisen and werden. For example:Ich bin schon in Deutschland gewesen. (Ive already been in Germany.)Meine Mutter ist lange bei uns geblieben. (My mother stayed with us for a long time.)Ich bin heute gegangen. (I went today.)Du bist nach Italien gereist.  (You traveled to Italy.)Er ist mehr schà ¼chtern geworden. (He has become shier).With action verbs that denote a change of place and not necessarily just movement. For example, compare Wir sind durch den Saal getanzt  (we danced throughout the hall) with Wir haben die ganze Nacht im Saal getanzt  (we danced the whole night in the hall).With intransitive verbs that denote a change in condition or state. For example:  Die Blume ist erblà ¼ht. (The flower has begun to bloom.)

The Strength and Weaknesses of Health Care Systems in...

What makes a health care system good? There is no such thing as a perfect system, but already some countries are pretty close. In this essay I will be writing about two of the leadings countries in health care, Germany and the United States . Given the complicated nature of the systems, I will narrow it down to the strength and weaknesses of both countries. In 1883, the first health care plan for Germany was created. The government was so impressed that it used this as the model for the nations sickness funds, which finance, deliver, and pay for care. Everyone agreed that every German should have access to medical services regardless of employment, income, or ability to pay.The plus side of this†¦show more content†¦This lead to great complexity, since all of these plans follow different eligibility, benefit, and reimbursement policies. Even though the weaknesses out number the strengths of this system, there are a few good points. 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Death of Abraham Lincoln Free Essays

As how Steve Jobs once said: â€Å"If you live each day as if it were your last, someday you’ll be right. †. The 16th president of the United States was assassinated without even being able to say goodbye for one last time before passing away. We will write a custom essay sample on Death of Abraham Lincoln or any similar topic only for you Order Now The second Friday of April, Abraham Lincoln was shot in the head by John Wilkes Booth. Even though, he had have shot the president, he tried to escape and never thought of the possibility of getting caught by the authorities of the country. Back then he was the first American president to be assassinated. At the young age of 56, Abraham Lincoln had have been taken away from his life. The suicidal of Lincoln according to Wikipedia. com was a well-known actor and Confederate spy from Maryland; though he joined the Confederate army, he had contacts with Confederate secret service. He’d tried to kidnap him before but his plan failed because of changes to the president’s plans. It happened in the Presidential Box of Ford’s Theater in Washington, D. C. while according to historynet. com they were watching the comedy Our American Cousin . Around 10 p. m. , Booth slipped into the box– the guard outside had left his station , and Booth got past Charles Forbes, the White House footman, by showing him his card. The actor fired a single shot that entered the left side of Lincoln’s head, the bullet lodging below his eye. According to the book by Michael O’Neal The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln Booth was a Southern sympathizer and pro-slavery advocate. When he heard Lincoln make a speech promising suffrage to the newly freed African-American population (right after the war ended) ,Booth swore that that would be Lincoln’s last speech ever. Booth considered Republicans (who were at the time anti-slavery party), like Lincoln, traitors to the Union. Later on John W. Booth was captured in a farm. President Lincoln died on April, 15 1865. On June 30, after a sensational six-week trial , the court found all of the defendants guilty as charged. Two of them were pardoned by President Johnson. One of them had fled to Europe, but was finally captured in Egypt, and tried in a civilian court. When the jury was unable to reach a verdict, his case was dismissed. On July 6, 1865, Paine, Herold, Atzerold, and Mary Surratt were informed of their sentences. Less than twenty-four hours later,on July 7, they were hanged in the yard f Washington Arsenal. The public’s thirts for quick and sure retributionwas quenched. How to cite Death of Abraham Lincoln, Papers

Death of Abraham Lincoln Free Essays

As how Steve Jobs once said: â€Å"If you live each day as if it were your last, someday you’ll be right. †. The 16th president of the United States was assassinated without even being able to say goodbye for one last time before passing away. We will write a custom essay sample on Death of Abraham Lincoln or any similar topic only for you Order Now The second Friday of April, Abraham Lincoln was shot in the head by John Wilkes Booth. Even though, he had have shot the president, he tried to escape and never thought of the possibility of getting caught by the authorities of the country. Back then he was the first American president to be assassinated. At the young age of 56, Abraham Lincoln had have been taken away from his life. The suicidal of Lincoln according to Wikipedia. com was a well-known actor and Confederate spy from Maryland; though he joined the Confederate army, he had contacts with Confederate secret service. He’d tried to kidnap him before but his plan failed because of changes to the president’s plans. It happened in the Presidential Box of Ford’s Theater in Washington, D. C. while according to historynet. com they were watching the comedy Our American Cousin . Around 10 p. m. , Booth slipped into the box– the guard outside had left his station , and Booth got past Charles Forbes, the White House footman, by showing him his card. The actor fired a single shot that entered the left side of Lincoln’s head, the bullet lodging below his eye. According to the book by Michael O’Neal The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln Booth was a Southern sympathizer and pro-slavery advocate. When he heard Lincoln make a speech promising suffrage to the newly freed African-American population (right after the war ended) ,Booth swore that that would be Lincoln’s last speech ever. Booth considered Republicans (who were at the time anti-slavery party), like Lincoln, traitors to the Union. Later on John W. Booth was captured in a farm. President Lincoln died on April, 15 1865. On June 30, after a sensational six-week trial , the court found all of the defendants guilty as charged. Two of them were pardoned by President Johnson. One of them had fled to Europe, but was finally captured in Egypt, and tried in a civilian court. When the jury was unable to reach a verdict, his case was dismissed. On July 6, 1865, Paine, Herold, Atzerold, and Mary Surratt were informed of their sentences. Less than twenty-four hours later,on July 7, they were hanged in the yard f Washington Arsenal. The public’s thirts for quick and sure retributionwas quenched. How to cite Death of Abraham Lincoln, Papers

Rhapsody In Blue free essay sample

Gershwins Rhapsody in Blue is one of those timeless classics that is Instantly recognizable to many peoples ears today, even ninety years after It was first introduced to the world. It is a piece that has found its way into contemporary movies and advertisements, making it likely as recognizable as Chopping Funeral March or Beethovens Fifth Symphony. But unlike these two pieces of iconic classical music, Rhapsody in Blue resists classification. l In it are elements of classical music, blues and Jazz, making It at once Gershwins most famous piece but also possibly his east understood composition. 2 Indeed, while Rhapsody became a popular hit in the sass, the reception from critics was mixed at best even worse were the many critics who dismissed the piece as dull or cheesy. 3 Today though, Rhapsody in Blue is a celebrated work and few American compositions have garnered more academic attention. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhapsody In Blue or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For a piece that has mystified Gershwins signature work by discussing its Jazz and classical influences, and by grounding it firmly in the time and space in which it was conceived showing it was a product that redefined high culture in America.First of all, it can be argued that Rhapsody in Blue marked a turning point in the path of George Gershwins musical career. It came after AY Solon had recorded the pop-hit Swansea, but before Gershwins other crucial works, such as An American in Paris and Porgy and Bess. In George Gershwin: His Life and Work, Howard Pollack describes Gershwins rise through the musicals of Tin Pan Alley and Broadway. 4 During this time he began to achieve success through pop songs (primarily ragtime and Jazz) and musical plays, but Gershwin had not achieved his ideal of popular errors music. 5 In fact, he was troubled enough by his perceived underachievement that he often spoke to his piano mentor, Edward Killeen of his desire to quit writing popular music and retire somewhere far away so that he could devote himself to serious music. 6 Luckily Killeen advised Gershwin of a middle way, telling him to keep at popular music until a time that conductors would ask for serious compositions to be performed by them. 7 Skylines hunch was correct, and not much later was George Gershwin commissioned by Paul Whitman to compose a Jazz concerto.That commission was the origin of Rhapsody in Blue; arranged by Feared Grove for the Paul Whitman Orchestra with George Gershwin as soloist, Rhapsody made its performance debut on March 7, 1924 at Aeolian Hall in New York. 9 Gershwin must have sensed that this was the moment that Edward Killeen advised him would come; not only that, this was his opportunity to create his ideal work popular serious music. 10 Rhapsody in Blue is a unique piece of music that combines both classical and jazz elements,11 an original composition written for the piano, arranged by FearedGrove and performed by Paul Whitewashs Jazz orchestra. No doubt that the Jazz elements can be viewed as the popular side o f the piece, with the classical elements being the serious side. This combination, however, would prove to be a source of controversy for critics. While few could argue against Rhapsody merits as a popular hit, many argued against its validity as a high art form, with even Leonard Bernstein writing for The Atlantic in 1955: Rhapsody in Blue is not a real composition in the sense that whatever happens in it must seem inevitableYou can cut out parts of it without affecting the whole in any way except to make it shorter. You can remove any of these stuck-together sections and the piece still goes on as braver as before. You can even interchange these sections with one another and no harm is done. It can be a five minute piece or six minute piece or twelve minute piece. Its still the Rhapsody in Blue. 12 The answer to why such a celebrated piece of music today might have been so so-called American highbrow and lowbrow cultures of the sass.By blending the lassie with the Jazz, Gershwin may have drawn the ire of high culture purists who ridiculed this effort. 13 Steven Gilbert, writing that American music has long been paired into high and IoW cultures, and the tendency has been to put such uniquely American art forms as Jazz and the musical show into the latter category, helps support this notion. 14 When Rhapsody in Blue debuted in 1924, Gershwins career was only distinguished in the realm of popular Jazz and ragtime music.His first foray into a classical composition was therefore likely to be met with some skepticism (which it Leary was). However, it would be incorrect to assume that Gershwin was a pop-artist who was only attempting a classical composition. In fact he was introduced to the European classics by his piano teacher, Charles Hamburger, at a young age. 1 5 Howard Pollack asserts that: Gershwins involvement with concert music [of the classical tradition] paralleled his activities in popular music.He did not so much cross over as from the very beginning plant one foot on each side of the tracks and attempt to straddle them as firmly as he could. 16 It may have surprised some to learn that Gershwin considered the composers Franz List, Frederic Chopin and Claude Debussy as the composers who have shaped my as opposed to the more popular singers and writers of the day, such as Irving Berlin or AY Solon. Indeed, even the playful clarinet melody that opens the Rhapsody in Blue is a child of the flute solo that begins Debussy Afternoon of a Faun. 18 This sort of musical acculturation is part of what makes Gershwins music distinctly American, and what has given Rhapsody in Blue enough longevity to be roads not Just on the radio, but a lso television, when United Airlines began using in their advertisements in 1987. 19 Perhaps unknown at the time, George Gershwin proved to be an American musical pioneer, combining the best of the European classics with the best of American Jazz and popular music at the time. In so doing, he created a timeless classic in Rhapsody in Blue, and he did it not by trying to duplicate the musical style and aesthetics of the sass, but by updating it and playing to his audience. It was a profound statement, ND a very insightful one when trying to put Gershwins music into context, when he said: True music Must repeat the thought and inspirations of the people and the time. My people are Americans. My time is today. 20 Owen, David.

Free Essays on Slide Wire Experiment

Slide Wire Experiment (E-4) This experiment was engaged upon by measuring the internal resistance of three power sources and the electromotive force (emf). The potential difference between the terminals of such a source, when no current flows to en external circuit, is called an electromotive force, or emf source. The three power sources were a new 1.5V hobby battery an old 1.5V hobby battery, and a Daniel cell. A seat or source if electromotive foce may be any device that converts one type of energy (chemical, mechanical, light, etc.) into electrical energy. The work required to move 1 unit of positive charge from the negative to the positive terminal of a seat of emf, defines electromotive force in terms of work the seat of emf doe on electrical charges. All batteries, either new, old or Daniel cell, will give off some internal resistance. The internal resistance of the battery is due to its ability to hold back the total flow of charge from one electrode to another. The terminal voltage equals the emf when no current is drawn from the battery. This is determined by the chemical reactions in the battery. In the case of a dry or wet cell, the internal resistance depends on the construction of the cell, and the size and conditions of its electrodes. On the other hand, the emf is a characteristic of the chemical process in the cell or battery. A potentiometer was used in our experiment to make comparisons of an unknown emf, u, with the emf of a standard cell, u. We assembled the apparatus as shown in figure 1 of the lab manual, connected the slide directly to the power supply set for 2V, kept it at standby until the measurements were achieved. Next, we calibrated the slide wire potentiometer with standard cell. Thus, we determined the distance x, on the slide wire and we recorded the value of x in Table 1. Then we measured the emf of a new 1.5V hobby battery, by connecting the new hobby battery and we determined the distance ... Free Essays on Slide Wire Experiment Free Essays on Slide Wire Experiment Slide Wire Experiment (E-4) This experiment was engaged upon by measuring the internal resistance of three power sources and the electromotive force (emf). The potential difference between the terminals of such a source, when no current flows to en external circuit, is called an electromotive force, or emf source. The three power sources were a new 1.5V hobby battery an old 1.5V hobby battery, and a Daniel cell. A seat or source if electromotive foce may be any device that converts one type of energy (chemical, mechanical, light, etc.) into electrical energy. The work required to move 1 unit of positive charge from the negative to the positive terminal of a seat of emf, defines electromotive force in terms of work the seat of emf doe on electrical charges. All batteries, either new, old or Daniel cell, will give off some internal resistance. The internal resistance of the battery is due to its ability to hold back the total flow of charge from one electrode to another. The terminal voltage equals the emf when no current is drawn from the battery. This is determined by the chemical reactions in the battery. In the case of a dry or wet cell, the internal resistance depends on the construction of the cell, and the size and conditions of its electrodes. On the other hand, the emf is a characteristic of the chemical process in the cell or battery. A potentiometer was used in our experiment to make comparisons of an unknown emf, u, with the emf of a standard cell, u. We assembled the apparatus as shown in figure 1 of the lab manual, connected the slide directly to the power supply set for 2V, kept it at standby until the measurements were achieved. Next, we calibrated the slide wire potentiometer with standard cell. Thus, we determined the distance x, on the slide wire and we recorded the value of x in Table 1. Then we measured the emf of a new 1.5V hobby battery, by connecting the new hobby battery and we determined the distance ...

San Francisco State - SAT Scores and Admissions Data

San Francisco State - SAT Scores and Admissions Data San Francisco State University Admissions Overview: As part of the application, students will need to submit scores from the SAT or ACT. While the majority of applicants submit SAT scores, the university accepts both equally. For more information, check out the schools website or contact the admissions office. Will You Get In? Calculate Your Chances of Getting In  with this free tool from Cappex Admissions Data (2016): San Francisco State University Acceptance Rate: 68%SF State GPA, SAT and ACT Score GraphTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 430 / 540SAT Math: 430 / 550SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanCompare Cal State SAT ScoresACT Composite: 18 / 24ACT English: 16  / 24ACT Math: 17 / 24What these ACT numbers meanCompare Cal State ACT Scores San Francisco State Description: Founded in 1899, San Francisco State University takes pride in the diversity of its student body. 67% of undergraduates are students of color. Students come from 94 countries, and the school enrolls more international students than any other masters degree-granting university in the U.S. San Francisco State offers 115 bachelors and 95 masters programs. The 142-acre urban campus gives students ready access to the dining and cultural attractions of the city. In athletics, the San Francisco State Gators compete in the NCAA Division II  California Collegiate Athletic Association. Popular sports include softball, cross country, basketball, soccer, and wrestling.  SFS is one of the  23 Cal State schools. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 29,045  (25,945 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 44% Male / 56% Female83% Full-time Costs (2016- 17): Tuition and Fees: $6,484  (in-state); $17,644  (out-of-state)Books: $1,900  (why so much?)Room and Board: $13,882Other Expenses: $2,966Total Cost: $25,232  (in-state); $36,392 (out-of-state) San Francisco State Financial Aid (2015- 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 76%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 69%Loans: 42%Average Amount of AidGrants: $8,817Loans: $5,441 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  Biology, Business Administration, Criminal Justice, Early Childhood Education, English, Film Studies, Liberal Arts and Sciences, Psychology, Radio and Television, Speech and Rhetorical Studies What major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Transfer, Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 80%Transfer Out Rate: 6%4-Year Graduation Rate: 18%6-Year Graduation Rate: 53% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Soccer, Wrestling, Cross Country, Baseball, BasketballWomens Sports:  Softball, Volleyball, Track and Field, Basketball, Soccer, Cross Country Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics Admissions Profiles for Other Cal State Campuses Bakersfield | Channel Islands | Chico | Dominquez Hills | East Bay | Fresno State | Fullerton | Humboldt | Long Beach | Los Angeles | Maritime | Monterey Bay | Northridge | Pomona (Cal Poly) | Sacramento | San Bernardino | San Diego | San Francisco | San Jose State | San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly) | San Marcos | Sonoma State | Stanislaus More California Public University Information SAT Score Comparison for Cal State SchoolsACT Score Comparison for Cal State SchoolsThe University of California SystemSAT Score Comparison for the UC SystemACT Score Comparison for the UC System